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Sunday, December 29, 2013

Computer Programming: Add item with value in code file, ASP.NET Example

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="itemwithvalue.aspx.cs" Inherits="itemwithvalue" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
   
        <asp:RadioButtonList ID="RadioButtonList1" runat="server" Height="65px" Width="235px">
        </asp:RadioButtonList>
   
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>
Code File
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
public partial class itemwithvalue : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (!Page.IsPostBack)
        {
            RadioButtonList1.Items.Add(new ListItem("ASP.NET", "FIRST NUMBER"));
            RadioButtonList1.Items.Add(new ListItem("WINFORMS", "SECOND NUMBER"));
            RadioButtonList1.Items.Add(new ListItem("WPF", "THIRD NUMBER"));
            RadioButtonList1.Items.Add(new ListItem("WCF", "FORTH NUMBER"));
           
        }
    }
}
Output
Computer Programming: Add item with value in code file, ASP.NET Example
 

Computer Programming : TextBox WatermarkExtender control in Ajax with example

Computer Programming : TextBox WatermarkExtender is used to provide a tip to the user that specifies the type of parameter entered within the text box. This extender attaches to a TextBox control and displays a text within the text box when the web page render for the first time. When the user clicks the text box to insert values, the default text gets hidden.

Public Properties of TextBox Watermark Extender are

TargetControlID : Sets the .ID of the TextBox control to which you want to attach the extender
WatermarkText  : Sets the text to display when the value in the text box is empty.
watermarkCssClass : Sets the CSS class for the text box when it is empty.
 

Lets take a simple example

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="watermark-example.aspx.cs" Inherits="watermark_example" %>
<%@ Register assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" tagprefix="asp" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
        <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"></asp:ScriptManager>
    <div>
   
        <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" Height="18px" Width="205px"></asp:TextBox>
        <asp:TextBoxWatermarkExtender ID="TextBox1_TextBoxWatermarkExtender" runat="server" Enabled="True" TargetControlID="TextBox1" WatermarkText="Use ; as a separator">
        </asp:TextBoxWatermarkExtender>
        <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Search" BorderColor="Black" BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="2px" Width="71px" />
   
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>
Output
Computer Programming : Watermark Textbox example in asp.net

Friday, December 27, 2013

JAVA Characteristics and Java Virtual Machine: Introduction to JAVA

After completion of compilation process in java, programmer need to know about what the characteristics of java are and what java virtual machine is. In this article we will cover these two topics which are main part in programming.

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)  

As you are aware that any source program needs to be either compiled or interpreted before it can be executed. But with Java, a combination of these two is used. Program written in Java are compiled into Java Byte code, which is then interpreted by a special Java Interpreter for a special platform. Actually this Java interpreter is known as the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

The machine language for the java Virtual Machine is called Java byte code. Actually the Java interpreter running on any machine appears and behaves like a “virtual” processor chip, that is why, the name – Java Virtual Machine. The Java Virtual is an abstract machine designed to be implemented on the top of existing Virtual Machine can be implemented in software or hardware.

JAVA Characteristics and Java Virtual Machine: Introduction to JAVA, Java Platform

JVM, combined with Java API makes Java Platform. The Java API (Application Programming Interface) are libraries of compiled code that can be used in your programs. In other words, the Java API consist of the functions and variables that programmers are allowed to use in their applications.

Characteristics of Java

Although Java has many and many characteristics that make it eligible for a powerful and popular language. In the following lines, we are going to discuss a few important characteristics of java.
  • Write Once Run Anywhere (WORA): the java programs need to be written just once which can run on different platforms without making changes in the Java programs. Only the Java interpreter is changed depending upon the platform.
  • Light Weight Code: With Java, big and useful applications can also be created with very light code. No huge coding is required.
  • Security: Java offers many security features to make its programs safe and secure.
  • Built-in Graphics: Java offers many built-in graphics features and routines which can be used to make Java application more visual.
  • Object-Oriented Language: Java is object-oriented language, thereby, very near to real word.
  • Supports Multimedia: Java is ideally suited for integration of video, audio, animation and graphics in Internet environment.
  • Platform Independent: Java is essentially platform independent. Change of platform does not affect the original Java program/application.
  • Open Product: Java is an open product, freely available to all. However, there exist some special time-saving Java development kits, which can be available by paying small amounts.
After this, let us move on to discussion of how to create programs in Net Beans Java environment. But before that you must know what rapid application development is.

Thursday, December 26, 2013

How to Work with Basic Controls in NetBeans: Java Programming

After talking about many elementary concepts and features of GUI in Java, we have reached a point where we can design our first application. But prior to that we shall learn to work with some most common controls. And after that we shall design our very first GUI application.

There are many graphical controls that are used in java GUI programming. Here’re the list of common GUI controls used:

  • TextField is a basic field that allows the user to type some textual information. It allows at most one line of input. To input some more lines, programmer have to use TextArea discussed below.
  • Label is another basic control that lets you display uneditable text. It is the basic unit that is used almost in every jFrame in Java GUI Application. Label is used to indicating about to do something like in entry form it indicates about where to enter name, address etc.
  • Button displays common GUI button and performs an action when the users clicks on it or presses Enter key after choosing it. Used when programmer wants to do something on the Frame window.
  • TextArea is a component that is used to input multiple lines of text. It optionally allows the user to edit the text. Programmer can also disable the editing option for the user.

After working a lot in NetBeans IDE, programmer have to save the overall work for further use. Programmer can save the work by clicking File → Save or File → Save As commands. Toolbar have also an icon to do the same task i.e. Save.

In further articles we will do some creativity to learn more about these controls as well as working of these controls in NetBeans IDE.

Use String Functions to Manipulate String Values in Sql Server: SQL Programming

In Sql Programming, programmer can use the string functions to manipulate the string values in the result set. There are list of string functions used in sql server and explained in this article. For example, to display only the first eight characters of the values in a column, you can use the left ( ) string function.

String functions are used with the char and varchar data types. The SQL Server provides string functions that can be used as a part of the character expression. These functions are used for various operations on string.

Syntax:
    SELECT function_name (parameters)

Where
  • Function_name is the name of the function
  • parameters are the required parameters for the string function.
The following table lists the string functions provided by SQL Server
  • Ascii, returns the ASCII code of the leftmost character, e.g. SELECT ascii (‘ABC’) will return ascii code of 'A'.
  • Char, return the character equivalent of the ASCII code value, e.g. SELECT char (65)   
  • Charindex, returns the starting position of the specified pattern in the expression e.g. SELECT charindex (‘E’, ‘HELLO’)
  • Difference, compares two strings and evaluates the similarity between them, returning a value from 0 through 4. The value 4 is the best match e.g. SELECT difference (‘HELLO’, ‘hell’)
  • Left, returns apart of the character string equal in size to the integer_expression    characters from the left e.g. SELECT left(‘RICHARD’, 4) will return RICH
  • Len, returns the number of characters in the character_expression e.g. SELECT len(‘RICHARD’)
  • Lower, returns after converting character_expression to lower case e.g. SELECT lower (‘RICHARD’)
  • Ltrim, removes leading blanks from the character expression e.g. SELECT ltrim (‘RICHARD’)
  • Patindex, returns staring position of the first occurrence of the pattern in the specified expression, or zeros if the pattern is not found e.g. SELECT patindex (‘%BOX%’, ‘ACTIONBOX’)
  • Reverse, returns reverse of the character_expression e.g. SELECT reverse (‘ACTION’)
  • Right, returns a part of the character string, after extracting from the right the number of characters specified in the integer_expression e.g. SELECT right (‘RICHARD’, 4) will return HARD
  • Rtrim, returns after removing any trailing blanks from the character expression e.g. SELECT rtrim (‘RICHARD   ’)
  • Space, spaces are inserted between the first and second word e.g. SELECT ‘RICHARD’+space (2)+’HILL’, will add two spaces between 1st and 2nd word.
  • Str, converts numeric data to character data where the length is the total length, including the decimal point, the sign, the digits, and the spaces and the decimal is the number of places to the right of the decimal point e.g. SELECT str (123.45, 6, 2)
  • Stuff, deletes the number of characters as specified in the character_expression1 from the start and then inserts char_expression2 into character_expression1 at the start position e.g. SELECT stuff (‘Weather’, 2,2, ‘I’) will returns ‘wither’.
  • Substring, returns the part of the source character string from the start position of the expression e.g. SELECT substring (‘weather’, 2,2) will return ‘ea’.
  • Upper, converts lower case characters to upper case e.g. SELECT upper (‘Richard’)

The following SQL query uses the upper string function to display data in uppercase. The Name, DepartmentID, and GroupName columns are retrieved from the Department table and the data of the Name column is displayed in uppercase with a user-defined heading, Department Name:
 
SELECT 'Department Name' = upper (Name), DepartmentID, GroupName
FROM HumanResources.Department
 
Outputs:

Use String Functions to Manipulate String Values in Sql Server: SQL Programming

How to Customize the Result Set using Functions in SQL Server: SQL Programming

SQL server provides some in-built functions to hide the steps and the complexity from other code. Generally in sql programming, functions accepts parameters, perform some actions and return a result.

While querying data from SQL Server, programmer can use various in-built functions to customize the result set. Some of the changes includes changing the format of the string or date values or performing calculations on the numeric values in the result set. For example, if you need to display all the text values in uppercase, you can use the upper () string function. Similarly, if you need to calculate the square of the integer values, you can use the power ( ) mathematical function.

Depending on the utility, the in-built functions provided by SQL Server are categorized as listed below:
All these functions are for specific use in sql programming like string functions are used to manipulate the string in result set, to manipulate date values date functions are used, as so on. Arithmetic operations can also be performed with these functions like add, subtract operations on any of the above listed type of functions.

Functions can be easily used anywhere in the sql programming to build the software composable. Programmer can use these functions in constraints, computed columns, where clauses even in other functions. Overall the result, functions are powerful part in sql server.

Further article will describe about the use and example of above listed functions.

Selection Sorting Algorithm in C Language

Selection sort, also called in-place comparison sort, is a sorting algorithm in computer programming. It is well-known algorithm for its simplicity and also performance advantages. The article shows the process with C language code and an example.

As the name indicates, first we select the smallest item in the list and exchange it with the first item. Then we select the second smallest in the list and exchange it with the second element and so on. Finally, all the items will be arranged in ascending order. Since, the next least item is selected and exchanged accordingly so that elements are finally sorted, this technique is called selection sort.

For example, consider the elements 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 and sort using selection sort.

Selection Sorting Algorithm in Computer Programming: C

Design: The position of smallest element from i'th position onwards can be obtained using the following code:

pos = i;
for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)
{
   If(arr[j] < arr[pos])
   pos = j;
}

After finding the position of the smallest number, it should be exchanged with i'th position. The equivalent statements are shown below:

temp = arr[pos];
arr[pos] = arr[i];
arr[i] = temp;

The above procedure has to be performed for each value of i in the range 0 < i < n-1. The equivalent algorithm to sort N elements using selection sort is shown below:

Step1:    [Input the number of items]
    Read: n
Step2:    [Read n elements]
    for i = 0 to n-1
        Read: arr[i]
    [End of for]
Step3:    for i = 0 to n - 2  do
        pos = i;
        for j = I + 1 to n – 1 do
            if(arr[j] < arr[pos]) then
                pos = j
            [End of if]
        [End of for]
        temp = arr[pos]
        arr[pos] = arr[i]
        arr[i] = temp
    [End of for]
Step4:    [Display Sorted items]
    for i = 0 to n -1
        Write: arr[i]
    [End of for]
Step5:    Exit

C program to implement the selection sort.

main()
{
 int n, arr[10], pos, i, j, temp;
clrscr();
 printf("Enter the number of items:\n");
 scanf("%d",&n);
 printf("Input the n items here:\n");
 for(i = 0; i< n; i++)
{
 scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
 }
for(i = 0; i <n; i++)
    {
        pos = i;
        for(j = i+1; j< n; j++)
            {
                if(arr[j] < arr[pos])
                    pos = j;
            }
            temp = arr[pos];
            arr[pos] = arr[i];
            arr[i] = temp;
    }
printf("The sorted elements are as:\n");
for( i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        printf("%d\n",arr[i]);
    }
getch();
}
The program will outputs as:

Selection Sorting Algorithm in Computer Programming: C, output

Advantages

  • Very simple and easy to implement.
  • Straight forward approach.

Disadvantages

  • It is not efficient. More efficient sorting techniques are present.
  • Even if the elements are sorted, n-1 passes are required.

Binary Search in C
Linear Search in C
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